بسم الله و الصلاة و السلام علي رسول الله
سنفترض جدلا للحظة صدق أعداء محمد ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) فيما زعموا من أنه ألف القرآن الكريم بنفسه والآن يمكننا أن نتوقع بعض الاستجابة من غير المؤمن .
الآن إسأل المجادل : " هل تشك في أن محمداً ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) كان عربيا ؟ .
وسواء وافقوه أو لم يوافقوه ، فقد أخبرهم في أسمى الأساليب وبكلمات كادت تحترق في قلوب وأفئدة مستمعيه : أن مريم أم عيسى ( عليهما السلام ) التي تنسب الي بني ‘سرائيل ( ) أصطفيت على نساء العالمين .
فلم تكن التي اصطفيت أمه ( أي أم محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم ) أو زوجته ولا ابنته ولا أي امرأة عربية أخرى ، بل كانت امرأة من بني اسرايل !
فهل يمكن لأحد أن يعلل ويفسر هذا الأمر ؟ فبالنسبة لكل أحد تأتي أمه وزوجته وابنته قبل نساء العالمين في المنزلة .
فما الذي يدعو نبي الإسلام أن يكرم امرأة من المعارضين أو المخالفين ؟! وبخاصة من بني اسرائيل ؟! وهي تنتمي إلى جنس طالما ازدرى قومه ( العرب ) لثلاثة آلاف سنة ، تماما كما يزدرون اليوم إخوتهم العرب
سورة مريم :
هناك سورة في القرآن الكريم تسمى سورة مريم وقد سميت بهذا الإسم تكريما لمريم أم عيسى ( عليهما السلام ) . ولم تحفل مريم ( عليها السلام ) بمثل هذا التكريم ( حتى ) في الكتاب المقدس . ومن بين ( 66 ) ستة وستين كتابا للبروتستانت و ( 73 ) ثلاثة وسبعين كتابا للرومان الكاثوليك لا يوجد كتاب واحد يسمى باسم مريم أو ابنها ( عليهما السلام ) . وإنك لتجد كتبا تسمى باسم متى ومرقس ولوقا ويوحنا وبولس بالإضافة لضعف هذا العدد من الكتب ذات الأسماء الغامضة ، ولكن ليس هناك كتابا واحدا من بينها ينسب إلى عيسى أو مريم ( عليهما السلام ) !
ولو كان محمد ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) هو مؤلف القرآن الكريم ، ما كان ليعجز عن أن يضمن فيه بجانب اسم مريم أم عيسى ( عليهما السلام ) ، اسم أمه " آمنة " أو زوجته العزيزة " خديجة " أو عائشة أو ابنته الحبيبة " فاطمة " " رضي الله عنهن أجمعين " .
ولكن كلا ! وحاشاه أن يفعل ! إن هذا لا يمكن أبدا أن يكون . فالقرآن الكريم ليس من صنع محمد ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ( )
الإجابة بسيطة وهي : أنه لم يكن لديه خيار : لم يكن لديه الحق في التعبير عن هواه الخاص . " إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحَى " . ( النجم : 4 )
( [1] ) إن مريم ( عليها السلام ) لم تكن يهودية الديانة بل كانت تعبد إله آبائها إبراهيم وإسماعيل وإسحاق ويعقوب وزكريا إلها واحدا مخلصة له الدين . فهي حنيفية مسلمة وما كانت من المشركين . أما من ناحية الجنسية فهي إسرائيلية نسبة إلى إسرائيل وهو نبي الله يعقوب عليه السلام . أما القول بأنها كانت يهودية ( Jew ) نسبة إلى عقيدة وديانة يهود زمانها أو القول بأنها نصرانية فهو قول مجانب للصواب ومناف للحقيقة . أما إذا كان الأستاذ أحمد ديدات يقصد هنا أنها يهودية ( Judean ) نسبة إلى موطنها المسمى بـ " اليهودية " أو يهوذا أو جويا ( Judea ) وأغلب الظن أنه قصد ذلك – فلا بأس وكان من الأفضل لو قال إنها امرأة " إسرائيلية " بدلا من القول بأنها " يهودية " دفعا للشبهة وتحريا للدقة . والله أعلم . ( المترجم )
( [2] ) راجع ( ص 39 – 45 ) من كتاب " المسيح في الإسلام " تأليف أحمد ديدات وقد قمنا بترجمته والتعليق عليه وصدر عـن دار المختار الإسلامي بالقاهرة ضمـن سلسلة " مكتبة ديدات " . ( المترجم ) .
http://www.tvquran.com
الأربعاء، 21 يوليو 2010
DRACULA -2
I soon lost sight and recollection of ghostly fears in the beauty of
the scene as we drove along, although had I known the language, or
rather languages, which my fellow-passengers were speaking, I might
not have been able to throw them off so easily. Before us lay a green
sloping land full of forests and woods, with here and there steep
hills, crowned with clumps of trees or with farmhouses, the blank
gable end to the road. There was everywhere a bewildering mass of
fruit blossom--apple, plum, pear, cherry. And as we drove by I could
see the green grass under the trees spangled with the fallen petals.
In and out amongst these green hills of what they call here the
"Mittel Land" ran the road, losing itself as it swept round the grassy
curve, or was shut out by the straggling ends of pine woods, which
here and there ran down the hillsides like tongues of flame. The road
was rugged, but still we seemed to fly over it with a feverish haste.
I could not understand then what the haste meant, but the driver was
evidently bent on losing no time in reaching Borgo Prund. I was told
that this road is in summertime excellent, but that it had not yet
been put in order after the winter snows. In this respect it is
different from the general run of roads in the Carpathians, for it is
an old tradition that they are not to be kept in too good order. Of
old the Hospadars would not repair them, lest the Turk should think
that they were preparing to bring in foreign troops, and so hasten the
war which was always really at loading point.
Beyond the green swelling hills of the Mittel Land rose mighty slopes
of forest up to the lofty steeps of the Carpathians themselves. Right
and left of us they towered, with the afternoon sun falling full upon
them and bringing out all the glorious colours of this beautiful
range, deep blue and purple in the shadows of the peaks, green and
brown where grass and rock mingled, and an endless perspective of
jagged rock and pointed crags, till these were themselves lost in the
distance, where the snowy peaks rose grandly. Here and there seemed
mighty rifts in the mountains, through which, as the sun began to
sink, we saw now and again the white gleam of falling water. One of
my companions touched my arm as we swept round the base of a hill and
opened up the lofty, snow-covered peak of a mountain, which seemed, as
we wound on our serpentine way, to be right before us.
"Look! Isten szek!"--"God's seat!"--and he crossed himself reverently.
As we wound on our endless way, and the sun sank lower and lower
behind us, the shadows of the evening began to creep round us. This
was emphasized by the fact that the snowy mountain-top still held the
sunset, and seemed to glow out with a delicate cool pink. Here and
there we passed Cszeks and slovaks, all in picturesque attire, but I
noticed that goitre was painfully prevalent. By the roadside were
many crosses, and as we swept by, my companions all crossed
themselves. Here and there was a peasant man or woman kneeling before
a shrine, who did not even turn round as we approached, but seemed in
the self-surrender of devotion to have neither eyes nor ears for the
outer world. There were many things new to me. For instance,
hay-ricks in the trees, and here and there very beautiful masses of
weeping birch, their white stems shining like silver through the
delicate green of the leaves.
Now and again we passed a leiter-wagon--the ordinary peasants's
cart--with its long, snakelike vertebra, calculated to suit the
inequalities of the road. On this were sure to be seated quite a
group of homecoming peasants, the Cszeks with their white, and the
Slovaks with their coloured sheepskins, the latter carrying
lance-fashion their long staves, with axe at end. As the evening fell
it began to get very cold, and the growing twilight seemed to merge
into one dark mistiness the gloom of the trees, oak, beech, and pine,
though in the valleys which ran deep between the spurs of the hills,
as we ascended through the Pass, the dark firs stood out here and
there against the background of late-lying snow. Sometimes, as the
road was cut through the pine woods that seemed in the darkness to be
closing down upon us, great masses of greyness which here and there
bestrewed the trees, produced a peculiarly weird and solemn effect,
which carried on the thoughts and grim fancies engendered earlier in
the evening, when the falling sunset threw into strange relief the
ghost-like clouds which amongst the Carpathians seem to wind
ceaselessly through the valleys. Sometimes the hills were so steep
that, despite our driver's haste, the horses could only go slowly. I
wished to get down and walk up them, as we do at home, but the driver
would not hear of it. "No, no," he said. "You must not walk here.
The dogs are too fierce." And then he added, with what he evidently
meant for grim pleasantry--for he looked round to catch the approving
smile of the rest--"And you may have enough of such matters before you
go to sleep." The only stop he would make was a moment's pause to
light his lamps.
When it grew dark there seemed to be some excitement amongst the
passengers, and they kept speaking to him, one after the other, as
though urging him to further speed. He lashed the horses unmercifully
with his long whip, and with wild cries of encouragement urged them on
to further exertions. Then through the darkness I could see a sort of
patch of grey light ahead of us, as though there were a cleft in the
hills. The excitement of the passengers grew greater. The crazy
coach rocked on its great leather springs, and swayed like a boat
tossed on a stormy sea. I had to hold on. The road grew more level,
and we appeared to fly along. Then the mountains seemed to come
nearer to us on each side and to frown down upon us. We were entering
on the Borgo Pass. One by one several of the passengers offered me
gifts, which they pressed upon me with an earnestness which would take
no denial. These were certainly of an odd and varied kind, but each
was given in simple good faith, with a kindly word, and a blessing,
and that same strange mixture of fear-meaning movements which I had
seen outside the hotel at Bistritz--the sign of the cross and the
guard against the evil eye. Then, as we flew along, the driver leaned
forward, and on each side the passengers, craning over the edge of the
coach, peered eagerly into the darkness. It was evident that
something very exciting was either happening or expected, but though I
asked each passenger, no one would give me the slightest explanation.
This state of excitement kept on for some little time. And at last we
saw before us the Pass opening out on the eastern side. There were
dark, rolling clouds overhead, and in the air the heavy, oppressive
sense of thunder. It seemed as though the mountain range had
separated two atmospheres, and that now we had got into the thunderous
one. I was now myself looking out for the conveyance which was to
take me to the Count. Each moment I expected to see the glare of
lamps through the blackness, but all was dark. The only light was the
flickering rays of our own lamps, in which the steam from our
hard-driven horses rose in a white cloud. We could see now the sandy
road lying white before us, but there was on it no sign of a vehicle.
The passengers drew back with a sigh of gladness, which seemed to mock
my own disappointment. I was already thinking what I had best do,
when the driver, looking at his watch, said to the others something
which I could hardly hear, it was spoken so quietly and in so low a
tone, I thought it was "An hour less than the time." Then turning to
me, he spoke in German worse than my own.
"There is no carriage here. The Herr is not expected after all. He
will now come on to Bukovina, and return tomorrow or the next day,
better the next day." Whilst he was speaking the horses began to
neigh and snort and plunge wildly, so that the driver had to hold them
up. Then, amongst a chorus of screams from the peasants and a
universal crossing of themselves, a caleche, with four horses, drove
up behind us, overtook us, and drew up beside the coach. I could see
from the flash of our lamps as the rays fell on them, that the horses
were coal-black and splendid animals. They were driven by a tall man,
with a long brown beard and a great black hat, which seemed to hide
his face from us. I could only see the gleam of a pair of very bright
eyes, which seemed red in the lamplight, as he turned to us.
He said to the driver, "You are early tonight, my friend."
The man stammered in reply, "The English Herr was in a hurry."
To which the stranger replied, "That is why, I suppose, you wished him
to go on to Bukovina. You cannot deceive me, my friend. I know too
much, and my horses are swift."
As he spoke he smiled, and the lamplight fell on a hard-looking mouth,
with very red lips and sharp-looking teeth, as white as ivory. One of
my companions whispered to another the line from Burger's "Lenore".
"Denn die Todten reiten Schnell." ("For the dead travel fast.")
The strange driver evidently heard the words, for he looked up with a
gleaming smile. The passenger turned his face away, at the same time
putting out his two fingers and crossing himself. "Give me the Herr's
luggage," said the driver, and with exceeding alacrity my bags were
handed out and put in the caleche. Then I descended from the side of
the coach, as the caleche was close alongside, the driver helping me
with a hand which caught my arm in a grip of steel. His strength must
have been prodigious.
Without a word he shook his reins, the horses turned, and we swept
into the darkness of the pass. As I looked back I saw the steam from
the horses of the coach by the light of the lamps, and projected
against it the figures of my late companions crossing themselves.
Then the driver cracked his whip and called to his horses, and off
they swept on their way to Bukovina. As they sank into the darkness I
felt a strange chill, and a lonely feeling come over me. But a cloak
was thrown over my shoulders, and a rug across my knees, and the
driver said in excellent German--"The night is chill, mein Herr, and
my master the Count bade me take all care of you. There is a flask of
slivovitz (the plum brandy of the country) underneath the seat, if you
should require it."
I did not take any, but it was a comfort to know it was there all the
same. I felt a little strangely, and not a little frightened. I
think had there been any alternative I should have taken it, instead
of prosecuting that unknown night journey. The carriage went at a
hard pace straight along, then we made a complete turn and went along
another straight road. It seemed to me that we were simply going over
and over the same ground again, and so I took note of some salient
point, and found that this was so. I would have liked to have asked
the driver what this all meant, but I really feared to do so, for I
thought that, placed as I was, any protest would have had no effect in
case there had been an intention to delay.
By-and-by, however, as I was curious to know how time was passing, I
struck a match, and by its flame looked at my watch. It was within a
few minutes of midnight. This gave me a sort of shock, for I suppose
the general superstition about midnight was increased by my recent
experiences. I waited with a sick feeling of suspense.
Then a dog began to howl somewhere in a farmhouse far down the road, a
long, agonized wailing, as if from fear. The sound was taken up by
another dog, and then another and another, till, borne on the wind
which now sighed softly through the Pass, a wild howling began, which
seemed to come from all over the country, as far as the imagination
could grasp it through the gloom of the night.
At the first howl the horses began to strain and rear, but the driver
spoke to them soothingly, and they quieted down, but shivered and
sweated as though after a runaway from sudden fright. Then, far off
in the distance, from the mountains on each side of us began a louder
and a sharper howling, that of wolves, which affected both the horses
and myself in the same way. For I was minded to jump from the caleche
and run, whilst they reared again and plunged madly, so that the
driver had to use all his great strength to keep them from bolting.
In a few minutes, however, my own ears got accustomed to the sound,
and the horses so far became quiet that the driver was able to descend
and to stand before them.
He petted and soothed them, and whispered something in their ears, as
I have heard of horse-tamers doing, and with extraordinary effect, for
under his caresses they became quite manageable again, though they
still trembled. The driver again took his seat, and shaking his
reins, started off at a great pace. This time, after going to the far
side of the Pass, he suddenly turned down a narrow roadway which ran
sharply to the right.
Soon we were hemmed in with trees, which in places arched right over
the roadway till we passed as through a tunnel. And again great
frowning rocks guarded us boldly on either side. Though we were in
shelter, we could hear the rising wind, for it moaned and whistled
through the rocks, and the branches of the trees crashed together as
we swept along. It grew colder and colder still, and fine, powdery
snow began to fall, so that soon we and all around us were covered
with a white blanket. The keen wind still carried the howling of the
dogs, though this grew fainter as we went on our way. The baying of
the wolves sounded nearer and nearer, as though they were closing
round on us from every side. I grew dreadfully afraid, and the horses
shared my fear. The driver, however, was not in the least disturbed.
He kept turning his head to left and right, but I could not see
anything through the darkness.
Suddenly, away on our left I saw a faint flickering blue flame. The
driver saw it at the same moment. He at once checked the horses, and,
jumping to the ground, disappeared into the darkness. I did not know
what to do, the less as the howling of the wolves grew closer. But
while I wondered, the driver suddenly appeared again, and without a
word took his seat, and we resumed our journey. I think I must have
fallen asleep and kept dreaming of the incident, for it seemed to be
repeated endlessly, and now looking back, it is like a sort of awful
nightmare. Once the flame appeared so near the road, that even in the
darkness around us I could watch the driver's motions. He went
rapidly to where the blue flame arose, it must have been very faint,
for it did not seem to illumine the place around it at all, and
gathering a few stones, formed them into some device.
Once there appeared a strange optical effect. When he stood between
me and the flame he did not obstruct it, for I could see its ghostly
flicker all the same. This startled me, but as the effect was only
momentary, I took it that my eyes deceived me straining through the
darkness. Then for a time there were no blue flames, and we sped
onwards through the gloom, with the howling of the wolves around us,
as though they were following in a moving circle.
At last there came a time when the driver went further afield than he
had yet gone, and during his absence, the horses began to tremble
worse than ever and to snort and scream with fright. I could not see
any cause for it, for the howling of the wolves had ceased altogether.
But just then the moon, sailing through the black clouds, appeared
behind the jagged crest of a beetling, pine-clad rock, and by its
light I saw around us a ring of wolves, with white teeth and lolling
red tongues, with long, sinewy limbs and shaggy hair. They were a
hundred times more terrible in the grim silence which held them than
even when they howled. For myself, I felt a sort of paralysis of
fear. It is only when a man feels himself face to face with such
horrors that he can understand their true import.
All at once the wolves began to howl as though the moonlight had had
some peculiar effect on them. The horses jumped about and reared, and
looked helplessly round with eyes that rolled in a way painful to
see. But the living ring of terror encompassed them on every side,
and they had perforce to remain within it. I called to the coachman
to come, for it seemed to me that our only chance was to try to break
out through the ring and to aid his approach, I shouted and beat the
side of the caleche, hoping by the noise to scare the wolves from the
side, so as to give him a chance of reaching the trap. How he came
there, I know not, but I heard his voice raised in a tone of imperious
command, and looking towards the sound, saw him stand in the roadway.
As he swept his long arms, as though brushing aside some impalpable
obstacle, the wolves fell back and back further still. Just then a
heavy cloud passed across the face of the moon, so that we were again
in darkness.
When I could see again the driver was climbing into the caleche, and
the wolves disappeared. This was all so strange and uncanny that a
dreadful fear came upon me, and I was afraid to speak or move. The
time seemed interminable as we swept on our way, now in almost
complete darkness, for the rolling clouds obscured the moon.
We kept on ascending, with occasional periods of quick descent, but in
the main always ascending. Suddenly, I became conscious of the fact
that the driver was in the act of pulling up the horses in the
courtyard of a vast ruined castle, from whose tall black windows came
no ray of light, and whose broken battlements showed a jagged line
against the sky.
the scene as we drove along, although had I known the language, or
rather languages, which my fellow-passengers were speaking, I might
not have been able to throw them off so easily. Before us lay a green
sloping land full of forests and woods, with here and there steep
hills, crowned with clumps of trees or with farmhouses, the blank
gable end to the road. There was everywhere a bewildering mass of
fruit blossom--apple, plum, pear, cherry. And as we drove by I could
see the green grass under the trees spangled with the fallen petals.
In and out amongst these green hills of what they call here the
"Mittel Land" ran the road, losing itself as it swept round the grassy
curve, or was shut out by the straggling ends of pine woods, which
here and there ran down the hillsides like tongues of flame. The road
was rugged, but still we seemed to fly over it with a feverish haste.
I could not understand then what the haste meant, but the driver was
evidently bent on losing no time in reaching Borgo Prund. I was told
that this road is in summertime excellent, but that it had not yet
been put in order after the winter snows. In this respect it is
different from the general run of roads in the Carpathians, for it is
an old tradition that they are not to be kept in too good order. Of
old the Hospadars would not repair them, lest the Turk should think
that they were preparing to bring in foreign troops, and so hasten the
war which was always really at loading point.
Beyond the green swelling hills of the Mittel Land rose mighty slopes
of forest up to the lofty steeps of the Carpathians themselves. Right
and left of us they towered, with the afternoon sun falling full upon
them and bringing out all the glorious colours of this beautiful
range, deep blue and purple in the shadows of the peaks, green and
brown where grass and rock mingled, and an endless perspective of
jagged rock and pointed crags, till these were themselves lost in the
distance, where the snowy peaks rose grandly. Here and there seemed
mighty rifts in the mountains, through which, as the sun began to
sink, we saw now and again the white gleam of falling water. One of
my companions touched my arm as we swept round the base of a hill and
opened up the lofty, snow-covered peak of a mountain, which seemed, as
we wound on our serpentine way, to be right before us.
"Look! Isten szek!"--"God's seat!"--and he crossed himself reverently.
As we wound on our endless way, and the sun sank lower and lower
behind us, the shadows of the evening began to creep round us. This
was emphasized by the fact that the snowy mountain-top still held the
sunset, and seemed to glow out with a delicate cool pink. Here and
there we passed Cszeks and slovaks, all in picturesque attire, but I
noticed that goitre was painfully prevalent. By the roadside were
many crosses, and as we swept by, my companions all crossed
themselves. Here and there was a peasant man or woman kneeling before
a shrine, who did not even turn round as we approached, but seemed in
the self-surrender of devotion to have neither eyes nor ears for the
outer world. There were many things new to me. For instance,
hay-ricks in the trees, and here and there very beautiful masses of
weeping birch, their white stems shining like silver through the
delicate green of the leaves.
Now and again we passed a leiter-wagon--the ordinary peasants's
cart--with its long, snakelike vertebra, calculated to suit the
inequalities of the road. On this were sure to be seated quite a
group of homecoming peasants, the Cszeks with their white, and the
Slovaks with their coloured sheepskins, the latter carrying
lance-fashion their long staves, with axe at end. As the evening fell
it began to get very cold, and the growing twilight seemed to merge
into one dark mistiness the gloom of the trees, oak, beech, and pine,
though in the valleys which ran deep between the spurs of the hills,
as we ascended through the Pass, the dark firs stood out here and
there against the background of late-lying snow. Sometimes, as the
road was cut through the pine woods that seemed in the darkness to be
closing down upon us, great masses of greyness which here and there
bestrewed the trees, produced a peculiarly weird and solemn effect,
which carried on the thoughts and grim fancies engendered earlier in
the evening, when the falling sunset threw into strange relief the
ghost-like clouds which amongst the Carpathians seem to wind
ceaselessly through the valleys. Sometimes the hills were so steep
that, despite our driver's haste, the horses could only go slowly. I
wished to get down and walk up them, as we do at home, but the driver
would not hear of it. "No, no," he said. "You must not walk here.
The dogs are too fierce." And then he added, with what he evidently
meant for grim pleasantry--for he looked round to catch the approving
smile of the rest--"And you may have enough of such matters before you
go to sleep." The only stop he would make was a moment's pause to
light his lamps.
When it grew dark there seemed to be some excitement amongst the
passengers, and they kept speaking to him, one after the other, as
though urging him to further speed. He lashed the horses unmercifully
with his long whip, and with wild cries of encouragement urged them on
to further exertions. Then through the darkness I could see a sort of
patch of grey light ahead of us, as though there were a cleft in the
hills. The excitement of the passengers grew greater. The crazy
coach rocked on its great leather springs, and swayed like a boat
tossed on a stormy sea. I had to hold on. The road grew more level,
and we appeared to fly along. Then the mountains seemed to come
nearer to us on each side and to frown down upon us. We were entering
on the Borgo Pass. One by one several of the passengers offered me
gifts, which they pressed upon me with an earnestness which would take
no denial. These were certainly of an odd and varied kind, but each
was given in simple good faith, with a kindly word, and a blessing,
and that same strange mixture of fear-meaning movements which I had
seen outside the hotel at Bistritz--the sign of the cross and the
guard against the evil eye. Then, as we flew along, the driver leaned
forward, and on each side the passengers, craning over the edge of the
coach, peered eagerly into the darkness. It was evident that
something very exciting was either happening or expected, but though I
asked each passenger, no one would give me the slightest explanation.
This state of excitement kept on for some little time. And at last we
saw before us the Pass opening out on the eastern side. There were
dark, rolling clouds overhead, and in the air the heavy, oppressive
sense of thunder. It seemed as though the mountain range had
separated two atmospheres, and that now we had got into the thunderous
one. I was now myself looking out for the conveyance which was to
take me to the Count. Each moment I expected to see the glare of
lamps through the blackness, but all was dark. The only light was the
flickering rays of our own lamps, in which the steam from our
hard-driven horses rose in a white cloud. We could see now the sandy
road lying white before us, but there was on it no sign of a vehicle.
The passengers drew back with a sigh of gladness, which seemed to mock
my own disappointment. I was already thinking what I had best do,
when the driver, looking at his watch, said to the others something
which I could hardly hear, it was spoken so quietly and in so low a
tone, I thought it was "An hour less than the time." Then turning to
me, he spoke in German worse than my own.
"There is no carriage here. The Herr is not expected after all. He
will now come on to Bukovina, and return tomorrow or the next day,
better the next day." Whilst he was speaking the horses began to
neigh and snort and plunge wildly, so that the driver had to hold them
up. Then, amongst a chorus of screams from the peasants and a
universal crossing of themselves, a caleche, with four horses, drove
up behind us, overtook us, and drew up beside the coach. I could see
from the flash of our lamps as the rays fell on them, that the horses
were coal-black and splendid animals. They were driven by a tall man,
with a long brown beard and a great black hat, which seemed to hide
his face from us. I could only see the gleam of a pair of very bright
eyes, which seemed red in the lamplight, as he turned to us.
He said to the driver, "You are early tonight, my friend."
The man stammered in reply, "The English Herr was in a hurry."
To which the stranger replied, "That is why, I suppose, you wished him
to go on to Bukovina. You cannot deceive me, my friend. I know too
much, and my horses are swift."
As he spoke he smiled, and the lamplight fell on a hard-looking mouth,
with very red lips and sharp-looking teeth, as white as ivory. One of
my companions whispered to another the line from Burger's "Lenore".
"Denn die Todten reiten Schnell." ("For the dead travel fast.")
The strange driver evidently heard the words, for he looked up with a
gleaming smile. The passenger turned his face away, at the same time
putting out his two fingers and crossing himself. "Give me the Herr's
luggage," said the driver, and with exceeding alacrity my bags were
handed out and put in the caleche. Then I descended from the side of
the coach, as the caleche was close alongside, the driver helping me
with a hand which caught my arm in a grip of steel. His strength must
have been prodigious.
Without a word he shook his reins, the horses turned, and we swept
into the darkness of the pass. As I looked back I saw the steam from
the horses of the coach by the light of the lamps, and projected
against it the figures of my late companions crossing themselves.
Then the driver cracked his whip and called to his horses, and off
they swept on their way to Bukovina. As they sank into the darkness I
felt a strange chill, and a lonely feeling come over me. But a cloak
was thrown over my shoulders, and a rug across my knees, and the
driver said in excellent German--"The night is chill, mein Herr, and
my master the Count bade me take all care of you. There is a flask of
slivovitz (the plum brandy of the country) underneath the seat, if you
should require it."
I did not take any, but it was a comfort to know it was there all the
same. I felt a little strangely, and not a little frightened. I
think had there been any alternative I should have taken it, instead
of prosecuting that unknown night journey. The carriage went at a
hard pace straight along, then we made a complete turn and went along
another straight road. It seemed to me that we were simply going over
and over the same ground again, and so I took note of some salient
point, and found that this was so. I would have liked to have asked
the driver what this all meant, but I really feared to do so, for I
thought that, placed as I was, any protest would have had no effect in
case there had been an intention to delay.
By-and-by, however, as I was curious to know how time was passing, I
struck a match, and by its flame looked at my watch. It was within a
few minutes of midnight. This gave me a sort of shock, for I suppose
the general superstition about midnight was increased by my recent
experiences. I waited with a sick feeling of suspense.
Then a dog began to howl somewhere in a farmhouse far down the road, a
long, agonized wailing, as if from fear. The sound was taken up by
another dog, and then another and another, till, borne on the wind
which now sighed softly through the Pass, a wild howling began, which
seemed to come from all over the country, as far as the imagination
could grasp it through the gloom of the night.
At the first howl the horses began to strain and rear, but the driver
spoke to them soothingly, and they quieted down, but shivered and
sweated as though after a runaway from sudden fright. Then, far off
in the distance, from the mountains on each side of us began a louder
and a sharper howling, that of wolves, which affected both the horses
and myself in the same way. For I was minded to jump from the caleche
and run, whilst they reared again and plunged madly, so that the
driver had to use all his great strength to keep them from bolting.
In a few minutes, however, my own ears got accustomed to the sound,
and the horses so far became quiet that the driver was able to descend
and to stand before them.
He petted and soothed them, and whispered something in their ears, as
I have heard of horse-tamers doing, and with extraordinary effect, for
under his caresses they became quite manageable again, though they
still trembled. The driver again took his seat, and shaking his
reins, started off at a great pace. This time, after going to the far
side of the Pass, he suddenly turned down a narrow roadway which ran
sharply to the right.
Soon we were hemmed in with trees, which in places arched right over
the roadway till we passed as through a tunnel. And again great
frowning rocks guarded us boldly on either side. Though we were in
shelter, we could hear the rising wind, for it moaned and whistled
through the rocks, and the branches of the trees crashed together as
we swept along. It grew colder and colder still, and fine, powdery
snow began to fall, so that soon we and all around us were covered
with a white blanket. The keen wind still carried the howling of the
dogs, though this grew fainter as we went on our way. The baying of
the wolves sounded nearer and nearer, as though they were closing
round on us from every side. I grew dreadfully afraid, and the horses
shared my fear. The driver, however, was not in the least disturbed.
He kept turning his head to left and right, but I could not see
anything through the darkness.
Suddenly, away on our left I saw a faint flickering blue flame. The
driver saw it at the same moment. He at once checked the horses, and,
jumping to the ground, disappeared into the darkness. I did not know
what to do, the less as the howling of the wolves grew closer. But
while I wondered, the driver suddenly appeared again, and without a
word took his seat, and we resumed our journey. I think I must have
fallen asleep and kept dreaming of the incident, for it seemed to be
repeated endlessly, and now looking back, it is like a sort of awful
nightmare. Once the flame appeared so near the road, that even in the
darkness around us I could watch the driver's motions. He went
rapidly to where the blue flame arose, it must have been very faint,
for it did not seem to illumine the place around it at all, and
gathering a few stones, formed them into some device.
Once there appeared a strange optical effect. When he stood between
me and the flame he did not obstruct it, for I could see its ghostly
flicker all the same. This startled me, but as the effect was only
momentary, I took it that my eyes deceived me straining through the
darkness. Then for a time there were no blue flames, and we sped
onwards through the gloom, with the howling of the wolves around us,
as though they were following in a moving circle.
At last there came a time when the driver went further afield than he
had yet gone, and during his absence, the horses began to tremble
worse than ever and to snort and scream with fright. I could not see
any cause for it, for the howling of the wolves had ceased altogether.
But just then the moon, sailing through the black clouds, appeared
behind the jagged crest of a beetling, pine-clad rock, and by its
light I saw around us a ring of wolves, with white teeth and lolling
red tongues, with long, sinewy limbs and shaggy hair. They were a
hundred times more terrible in the grim silence which held them than
even when they howled. For myself, I felt a sort of paralysis of
fear. It is only when a man feels himself face to face with such
horrors that he can understand their true import.
All at once the wolves began to howl as though the moonlight had had
some peculiar effect on them. The horses jumped about and reared, and
looked helplessly round with eyes that rolled in a way painful to
see. But the living ring of terror encompassed them on every side,
and they had perforce to remain within it. I called to the coachman
to come, for it seemed to me that our only chance was to try to break
out through the ring and to aid his approach, I shouted and beat the
side of the caleche, hoping by the noise to scare the wolves from the
side, so as to give him a chance of reaching the trap. How he came
there, I know not, but I heard his voice raised in a tone of imperious
command, and looking towards the sound, saw him stand in the roadway.
As he swept his long arms, as though brushing aside some impalpable
obstacle, the wolves fell back and back further still. Just then a
heavy cloud passed across the face of the moon, so that we were again
in darkness.
When I could see again the driver was climbing into the caleche, and
the wolves disappeared. This was all so strange and uncanny that a
dreadful fear came upon me, and I was afraid to speak or move. The
time seemed interminable as we swept on our way, now in almost
complete darkness, for the rolling clouds obscured the moon.
We kept on ascending, with occasional periods of quick descent, but in
the main always ascending. Suddenly, I became conscious of the fact
that the driver was in the act of pulling up the horses in the
courtyard of a vast ruined castle, from whose tall black windows came
no ray of light, and whose broken battlements showed a jagged line
against the sky.
كان خلقه القرآن ( سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم )
ثبت عن عائشة رضي الله عنها أنها قالت ذلك في وصف النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم .
فقد جاء في حديث طويل في قصة سعد بن هشام بن عامر حين قدم المدينة ، وأتى عائشة رضي الله عنها يسألها عن بعض المسائل ، فقال :
( فَقُلتُ : يَا أُمَّ المُؤمِنِينَ ! أَنبئِينِي عَن خُلُقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟
قَالَت : أَلَستَ تَقرَأُ القُرآنَ ؟
قُلتُ : بَلَى .
قَالَت : فَإِنَّ خُلُقَ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ القُرآنَ .
قَالَ : فَهَمَمْتُ أَن أَقُومَ وَلَا أَسأَلَ أَحَدًا عَن شَيْءٍ حَتَّى أَمُوتَ ...الخ ) رواه مسلم (746)
وفي رواية أخرى :
( قُلتُ : يَا أُمَّ المُؤمِنِينَ ! حَدِّثِينِي عَن خُلُقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ .
قَالَت : يَا بُنَيَّ أَمَا تَقرَأُ القُرآنَ ؟ قَالَ اللَّهُ : ( وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَى خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ ) خُلُقُ مُحَمَّدٍ القُرآنُ )
أخرجها أبو يعلى (8/275) بإسناد صحيح .
قال النووي رحمه الله تعالى في "شرح مسلم" (3/268) :
" معناه : العمل به ، والوقوف عند حدوده ، والتأدب بآدابه ، والاعتبار بأمثاله وقصصه ، وتدبره ، وحسن تلاوته " انتهى .
وقال ابن رجب في "جامع العلوم والحكم" (1/148) :
" يعني أنه كان يتأدب بآدابه ويتخلق بأخلاقه ، فما مدحه القرآن كان فيه رضاه ، وما ذمه القرآن كان فيه سخطه ، وجاء في رواية عنها قالت : ( كَانَ خُلُقُهُ القُرآنُ ، يَرضَى لِرِضَاه ، وَيَسخَطُ لِسَخَطِهِ ) " انتهى .
وقال المُناوي في "فيض القدير" (5/170) :
" أي ما دل عليه القرآن من أوامره ونواهيه ووعده ووعيده إلى غير ذلك .
وقال القاضي : أي خلقه كان جميع ما حصل في القرآن ، فإنَّ كُلَّ ما استحسنه وأثنى عليه ودعا إليه فقد تحَلَّى به ، وكل ما استهجنه ونهى عنه تَجَنَّبَه وتَخَلَّى عنه ، فكان القرآن بيان خلقه ... " انتهى .
يقول أبو حامد الغزالي رحمه الله في "إحياء علوم الدين" (2/430-442) :
" بيان جملة من محاسن أخلاقه التي جمعها بعض العلماء والتقطها من الأخبار ، فقال :
كان أحلم الناس ، وأشجع الناس ، وأعدل الناس ، وأعف الناس ، لم تمسَّ يده قط يد امرأة لا يملك رقها أو عصمة نكاحها أو تكون ذات محرم منه ، وكان أسخى الناس ، لا يبيت عنده دينار ولا درهم ، وإن فضل شيء ولم يجد من يعطيه وفَجَأَهُ الليلُ لم يأو إلى منزله حتى يتبرَّأَ منه إلى من يحتاج إليه ، لا يأخذ مما آتاه الله إلا قوت عامه فقط من أيسر ما يجد من التمر والشعير ، ويضع سائر ذلك في سبيل الله ، لا يُسأَلُ شيئا إلا أعطاه ، ثم يعود على قوت عامه فيؤثِرُ منه حتى إنه ربما احتاج قبل انقضاء العام إن لم يأته شيء ، وكان يخصف النعل ، ويرقع الثوب ، ويخدم في مهنة أهله ، ويقطع اللحم معهن ، وكان أشد الناس حياء ، لا يثبت بصره في وجه أحد ، ويجيب دعوة العبد والحر ، ويقبل الهدية ولو أنها جرعة لبن ويكافئ عليها ، ولا يأكل الصدقة ، ولا يستكبر عن إجابة الأمة والمسكين ، يغضب لربه ولا يغضب لنفسه ، وينفذ الحق وإن عاد ذلك عليه بالضرر أو على أصحابه ، وَجَدَ مِن فُضَلاء أصحابه وخيارهم قتيلا بين اليهود فلم يَحِفْ عليهم ولا زاد على مُرِّ الحق ، بل وداه بمائة ناقة وإنَّ بأصحابه لحاجة إلى بعير واحد يتقوون به ، وكان يعصب الحجر على بطنه من الجوع ، ولا يتورع عن مطعم حلال ، لا يأكل متكئا ولا على خِوان ، لم يشبع من خبزٍ ثلاثةَ أيام متوالية حتى لقي الله تعالى ، إيثارا على نفسه لا فقرا ولا بخلا ، يجيب الوليمة ، ويعود المرضى ، ويشهد الجنائز ، ويمشي وحده بين أعدائه بلا حارس ، أشد الناس تواضعا ، وأسكنهم في غير كبر ، وأبلغهم من غير تطويل ، وأحسنهم بِشْرًا ، لا يهوله شيء من أمور الدنيا ، ويلبس ما وجد ، يردف خلفه عبده أو غيره ، يركب ما أمكنه ، مرة فرسا ، ومرة بعيرا ، ومرة بغلة ، ومرة حمارا ، ومرة يمشي حافيا بلا رداء ولا عمامة ولا قلنسوة ، يعود المرضى في أقصى المدينة ، يحب الطيب ، ويكرة الرائحة الرديئة يجالس الفقراء ، ويؤاكل المساكين ، ويكرم أهل الفضل في أخلاقهم ، ويتألف أهل الشرف بالبر لهم ، يصل ذوي رحمه من غير أن يؤثرهم على من هو أفضل منهم ، لا يجفو على أحد ، يقبل معذرة من اعتذر إليه ، يمزح ولا يقول إلا حقا ، يضحك من غير قهقهة ، يرى اللعب المباح فلا ينكره ، يسابق أهله ، وترفع الأصوات عليه فيصبر ، وكان له عبيد وإماء لا يرتفع عليهم في مأكل ولا ملبس ، ولا يمضي له وقت في غير عمل لله تعالى أو فيما لا بد منه من صلاح نفسه ، لا يحتقر مسكينا لفقره وزمانته [ الزمانة : المرض المزمن ] ، ولا يهاب ملكا لملكه ، يدعو هذا وهذا إلى الله دعاء مستويا .
ومما رواه أبو البختري قال : ما شتم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أحدا من المؤمنين بشتيمة إلا جعل لها كفارة ورحمة ، وقال : ( إنما بعثت رحمة ولم أبعث لعانا ) ، وكان إذا سئل أن يدعو على أحد ، مسلم أو كافر ، عدل عن الدعاء عليه إلى الدعاء له ، وما ضرب بيده أحدا قط ، وما خير بين أمرين إلا اختار أيسرهما إلا أن يكون فيه إثم أو قطيعة رحم ، وقد وصفه الله تعالى في التوراة قبل أن يبعثه ، فقال : محمد رسول الله ، عبدي المختار ، لا فظ ولا غليظ ولا صخاب في الأسواق ، ولا يجزي بالسيئة السيئة ، ولكن يعفو ويصفح ، وكان من خلقة أن يبدأ من لقيه بالسلام ، ومن قاومه لحاجة صابره حتى يكون هو المنصرف ، وما أخذ أحد بيده فيرسل يده حتى يرسلها الآخر ، ولم يكن يُعرَف مجلسه من مجلس أصحابه ، قال الله تعالى : ( فَبِمَا رَحْمَةٍ مِّنَ اللّهِ لِنتَ لَهُمْ وَلَوْ كُنتَ فَظّاً غَلِيظَ الْقَلْبِ لاَنفَضُّواْ مِنْ حَوْلِكَ ) آل عمران/159
قد جمع الله له السيرة الفاضلة والسياسة التامة وهو أمي لا يقرأ ولا يكتب ، نشأ في بلاد الجهل والصحارى في فقره وفي رعاية الغنم ، يتيما لا أب له ولا أم ، فعلمه الله تعالى جميع محاسن الأخلاق ، والطرق الحميدة وأخبار الأولين والآخرين ، وما فيه النجاة والفوز في الآخرة والغبطة والخلاص في الدنيا ، ولزوم الواجب وترك الفضول ، وفقنا الله لطاعته في أمره والتأسي به في فعله آمين يا رب العالمين " انتهى بشيء من الاختصار .
ولا يحسبن أحد أن ما سبق من قبيل الكلام الإنشائي الخطابي ، بل كل جملة فيه جاء في المسانيد والصحاح والسنن عشرات الأحاديث الصحيحة المسندة مما يدل عليه ويشهد له ، ولكن آثرت عدم ذكرها اختصارا ، ومن أراد الاطلاع عليها فليرجع إلى كتاب ( الشمائل المحمدية ) للإمام الترمذي .
فقد جاء في حديث طويل في قصة سعد بن هشام بن عامر حين قدم المدينة ، وأتى عائشة رضي الله عنها يسألها عن بعض المسائل ، فقال :
( فَقُلتُ : يَا أُمَّ المُؤمِنِينَ ! أَنبئِينِي عَن خُلُقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟
قَالَت : أَلَستَ تَقرَأُ القُرآنَ ؟
قُلتُ : بَلَى .
قَالَت : فَإِنَّ خُلُقَ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ القُرآنَ .
قَالَ : فَهَمَمْتُ أَن أَقُومَ وَلَا أَسأَلَ أَحَدًا عَن شَيْءٍ حَتَّى أَمُوتَ ...الخ ) رواه مسلم (746)
وفي رواية أخرى :
( قُلتُ : يَا أُمَّ المُؤمِنِينَ ! حَدِّثِينِي عَن خُلُقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ .
قَالَت : يَا بُنَيَّ أَمَا تَقرَأُ القُرآنَ ؟ قَالَ اللَّهُ : ( وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَى خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ ) خُلُقُ مُحَمَّدٍ القُرآنُ )
أخرجها أبو يعلى (8/275) بإسناد صحيح .
قال النووي رحمه الله تعالى في "شرح مسلم" (3/268) :
" معناه : العمل به ، والوقوف عند حدوده ، والتأدب بآدابه ، والاعتبار بأمثاله وقصصه ، وتدبره ، وحسن تلاوته " انتهى .
وقال ابن رجب في "جامع العلوم والحكم" (1/148) :
" يعني أنه كان يتأدب بآدابه ويتخلق بأخلاقه ، فما مدحه القرآن كان فيه رضاه ، وما ذمه القرآن كان فيه سخطه ، وجاء في رواية عنها قالت : ( كَانَ خُلُقُهُ القُرآنُ ، يَرضَى لِرِضَاه ، وَيَسخَطُ لِسَخَطِهِ ) " انتهى .
وقال المُناوي في "فيض القدير" (5/170) :
" أي ما دل عليه القرآن من أوامره ونواهيه ووعده ووعيده إلى غير ذلك .
وقال القاضي : أي خلقه كان جميع ما حصل في القرآن ، فإنَّ كُلَّ ما استحسنه وأثنى عليه ودعا إليه فقد تحَلَّى به ، وكل ما استهجنه ونهى عنه تَجَنَّبَه وتَخَلَّى عنه ، فكان القرآن بيان خلقه ... " انتهى .
يقول أبو حامد الغزالي رحمه الله في "إحياء علوم الدين" (2/430-442) :
" بيان جملة من محاسن أخلاقه التي جمعها بعض العلماء والتقطها من الأخبار ، فقال :
كان أحلم الناس ، وأشجع الناس ، وأعدل الناس ، وأعف الناس ، لم تمسَّ يده قط يد امرأة لا يملك رقها أو عصمة نكاحها أو تكون ذات محرم منه ، وكان أسخى الناس ، لا يبيت عنده دينار ولا درهم ، وإن فضل شيء ولم يجد من يعطيه وفَجَأَهُ الليلُ لم يأو إلى منزله حتى يتبرَّأَ منه إلى من يحتاج إليه ، لا يأخذ مما آتاه الله إلا قوت عامه فقط من أيسر ما يجد من التمر والشعير ، ويضع سائر ذلك في سبيل الله ، لا يُسأَلُ شيئا إلا أعطاه ، ثم يعود على قوت عامه فيؤثِرُ منه حتى إنه ربما احتاج قبل انقضاء العام إن لم يأته شيء ، وكان يخصف النعل ، ويرقع الثوب ، ويخدم في مهنة أهله ، ويقطع اللحم معهن ، وكان أشد الناس حياء ، لا يثبت بصره في وجه أحد ، ويجيب دعوة العبد والحر ، ويقبل الهدية ولو أنها جرعة لبن ويكافئ عليها ، ولا يأكل الصدقة ، ولا يستكبر عن إجابة الأمة والمسكين ، يغضب لربه ولا يغضب لنفسه ، وينفذ الحق وإن عاد ذلك عليه بالضرر أو على أصحابه ، وَجَدَ مِن فُضَلاء أصحابه وخيارهم قتيلا بين اليهود فلم يَحِفْ عليهم ولا زاد على مُرِّ الحق ، بل وداه بمائة ناقة وإنَّ بأصحابه لحاجة إلى بعير واحد يتقوون به ، وكان يعصب الحجر على بطنه من الجوع ، ولا يتورع عن مطعم حلال ، لا يأكل متكئا ولا على خِوان ، لم يشبع من خبزٍ ثلاثةَ أيام متوالية حتى لقي الله تعالى ، إيثارا على نفسه لا فقرا ولا بخلا ، يجيب الوليمة ، ويعود المرضى ، ويشهد الجنائز ، ويمشي وحده بين أعدائه بلا حارس ، أشد الناس تواضعا ، وأسكنهم في غير كبر ، وأبلغهم من غير تطويل ، وأحسنهم بِشْرًا ، لا يهوله شيء من أمور الدنيا ، ويلبس ما وجد ، يردف خلفه عبده أو غيره ، يركب ما أمكنه ، مرة فرسا ، ومرة بعيرا ، ومرة بغلة ، ومرة حمارا ، ومرة يمشي حافيا بلا رداء ولا عمامة ولا قلنسوة ، يعود المرضى في أقصى المدينة ، يحب الطيب ، ويكرة الرائحة الرديئة يجالس الفقراء ، ويؤاكل المساكين ، ويكرم أهل الفضل في أخلاقهم ، ويتألف أهل الشرف بالبر لهم ، يصل ذوي رحمه من غير أن يؤثرهم على من هو أفضل منهم ، لا يجفو على أحد ، يقبل معذرة من اعتذر إليه ، يمزح ولا يقول إلا حقا ، يضحك من غير قهقهة ، يرى اللعب المباح فلا ينكره ، يسابق أهله ، وترفع الأصوات عليه فيصبر ، وكان له عبيد وإماء لا يرتفع عليهم في مأكل ولا ملبس ، ولا يمضي له وقت في غير عمل لله تعالى أو فيما لا بد منه من صلاح نفسه ، لا يحتقر مسكينا لفقره وزمانته [ الزمانة : المرض المزمن ] ، ولا يهاب ملكا لملكه ، يدعو هذا وهذا إلى الله دعاء مستويا .
ومما رواه أبو البختري قال : ما شتم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أحدا من المؤمنين بشتيمة إلا جعل لها كفارة ورحمة ، وقال : ( إنما بعثت رحمة ولم أبعث لعانا ) ، وكان إذا سئل أن يدعو على أحد ، مسلم أو كافر ، عدل عن الدعاء عليه إلى الدعاء له ، وما ضرب بيده أحدا قط ، وما خير بين أمرين إلا اختار أيسرهما إلا أن يكون فيه إثم أو قطيعة رحم ، وقد وصفه الله تعالى في التوراة قبل أن يبعثه ، فقال : محمد رسول الله ، عبدي المختار ، لا فظ ولا غليظ ولا صخاب في الأسواق ، ولا يجزي بالسيئة السيئة ، ولكن يعفو ويصفح ، وكان من خلقة أن يبدأ من لقيه بالسلام ، ومن قاومه لحاجة صابره حتى يكون هو المنصرف ، وما أخذ أحد بيده فيرسل يده حتى يرسلها الآخر ، ولم يكن يُعرَف مجلسه من مجلس أصحابه ، قال الله تعالى : ( فَبِمَا رَحْمَةٍ مِّنَ اللّهِ لِنتَ لَهُمْ وَلَوْ كُنتَ فَظّاً غَلِيظَ الْقَلْبِ لاَنفَضُّواْ مِنْ حَوْلِكَ ) آل عمران/159
قد جمع الله له السيرة الفاضلة والسياسة التامة وهو أمي لا يقرأ ولا يكتب ، نشأ في بلاد الجهل والصحارى في فقره وفي رعاية الغنم ، يتيما لا أب له ولا أم ، فعلمه الله تعالى جميع محاسن الأخلاق ، والطرق الحميدة وأخبار الأولين والآخرين ، وما فيه النجاة والفوز في الآخرة والغبطة والخلاص في الدنيا ، ولزوم الواجب وترك الفضول ، وفقنا الله لطاعته في أمره والتأسي به في فعله آمين يا رب العالمين " انتهى بشيء من الاختصار .
ولا يحسبن أحد أن ما سبق من قبيل الكلام الإنشائي الخطابي ، بل كل جملة فيه جاء في المسانيد والصحاح والسنن عشرات الأحاديث الصحيحة المسندة مما يدل عليه ويشهد له ، ولكن آثرت عدم ذكرها اختصارا ، ومن أراد الاطلاع عليها فليرجع إلى كتاب ( الشمائل المحمدية ) للإمام الترمذي .
DRACULA -1
by : Bram Stoker
1897 edition
CHAPTER 1
Jonathan Harker's Journal
3 May. Bistritz.--Left Munich at 8:35 P.M., on 1st May, arriving at
Vienna early next morning; should have arrived at 6:46, but train was
an hour late. Buda-Pesth seems a wonderful place, from the glimpse
which I got of it from the train and the little I could walk through
the streets. I feared to go very far from the station, as we had
arrived late and would start as near the correct time as possible.
The impression I had was that we were leaving the West and entering the
East; the most western of splendid bridges over the Danube, which is
here of noble width and depth, took us among the traditions of Turkish
rule.
We left in pretty good time, and came after nightfall to Klausenburgh.
Here I stopped for the night at the Hotel Royale. I had for dinner,
or rather supper, a chicken done up some way with red pepper, which
was very good but thirsty. (Mem. get recipe for Mina.) I asked the
waiter, and he said it was called "paprika hendl," and that, as it was
a national dish, I should be able to get it anywhere along the
Carpathians.
I found my smattering of German very useful here, indeed, I don't know
how I should be able to get on without it.
Having had some time at my disposal when in London, I had visited the
British Museum, and made search among the books and maps in the
library regarding Transylvania; it had struck me that some
foreknowledge of the country could hardly fail to have some importance
in dealing with a nobleman of that country.
I find that the district he named is in the extreme east of the
country, just on the borders of three states, Transylvania, Moldavia,
and Bukovina, in the midst of the Carpathian mountains; one of the
wildest and least known portions of Europe.
I was not able to light on any map or work giving the exact locality
of the Castle Dracula, as there are no maps of this country as yet to
compare with our own Ordance Survey Maps; but I found that Bistritz,
the post town named by Count Dracula, is a fairly well-known place. I
shall enter here some of my notes, as they may refresh my memory when
I talk over my travels with Mina.
In the population of Transylvania there are four distinct
nationalities: Saxons in the South, and mixed with them the Wallachs,
who are the descendants of the Dacians; Magyars in the West, and
Szekelys in the East and North. I am going among the latter, who
claim to be descended from Attila and the Huns. This may be so, for
when the Magyars conquered the country in the eleventh century they
found the Huns settled in it.
I read that every known superstition in the world is gathered into the
horseshoe of the Carpathians, as if it were the centre of some sort of
imaginative whirlpool; if so my stay may be very interesting. (Mem.,
I must ask the Count all about them.)
I did not sleep well, though my bed was comfortable enough, for I had
all sorts of queer dreams. There was a dog howling all night under my
window, which may have had something to do with it; or it may have
been the paprika, for I had to drink up all the water in my carafe,
and was still thirsty. Towards morning I slept and was wakened by the
continuous knocking at my door, so I guess I must have been sleeping
soundly then.
I had for breakfast more paprika, and a sort of porridge of maize
flour which they said was "mamaliga", and egg-plant stuffed with
forcemeat, a very excellent dish, which they call "impletata". (Mem.,
get recipe for this also.)
I had to hurry breakfast, for the train started a little before eight,
or rather it ought to have done so, for after rushing to the station
at 7:30 I had to sit in the carriage for more than an hour before we
began to move.
It seems to me that the further east you go the more unpunctual are
the trains. What ought they to be in China?
All day long we seemed to dawdle through a country which was full of
beauty of every kind. Sometimes we saw little towns or castles on the
top of steep hills such as we see in old missals; sometimes we ran by
rivers and streams which seemed from the wide stony margin on each
side of them to be subject to great floods. It takes a lot of water,
and running strong, to sweep the outside edge of a river clear.
At every station there were groups of people, sometimes crowds, and in
all sorts of attire. Some of them were just like the peasants at home
or those I saw coming through France and Germany, with short jackets,
and round hats, and home-made trousers; but others were very
picturesque.
The women looked pretty, except when you got near them, but they were
very clumsy about the waist. They had all full white sleeves of some
kind or other, and most of them had big belts with a lot of strips of
something fluttering from them like the dresses in a ballet, but of
course there were petticoats under them.
The strangest figures we saw were the Slovaks, who were more barbarian
than the rest, with their big cow-boy hats, great baggy dirty-white
trousers, white linen shirts, and enormous heavy leather belts, nearly
a foot wide, all studded over with brass nails. They wore high boots,
with their trousers tucked into them, and had long black hair and
heavy black moustaches. They are very picturesque, but do not look
prepossessing. On the stage they would be set down at once as some
old Oriental band of brigands. They are, however, I am told, very
harmless and rather wanting in natural self-assertion.
It was on the dark side of twilight when we got to Bistritz, which is
a very interesting old place. Being practically on the frontier--for
the Borgo Pass leads from it into Bukovina--it has had a very stormy
existence, and it certainly shows marks of it. Fifty years ago a
series of great fires took place, which made terrible havoc on five
separate occasions. At the very beginning of the seventeenth century
it underwent a siege of three weeks and lost 13,000 people, the
casualties of war proper being assisted by famine and disease.
Count Dracula had directed me to go to the Golden Krone Hotel, which I
found, to my great delight, to be thoroughly old-fashioned, for of
course I wanted to see all I could of the ways of the country.
I was evidently expected, for when I got near the door I faced a
cheery-looking elderly woman in the usual peasant dress--white
undergarment with a long double apron, front, and back, of coloured
stuff fitting almost too tight for modesty. When I came close she
bowed and said, "The Herr Englishman?"
"Yes," I said, "Jonathan Harker."
She smiled, and gave some message to an elderly man in white
shirtsleeves, who had followed her to the door.
He went, but immediately returned with a letter:
"My friend.--Welcome to the Carpathians. I am anxiously expecting
you. Sleep well tonight. At three tomorrow the diligence will
start for Bukovina; a place on it is kept for you. At the Borgo
Pass my carriage will await you and will bring you to me. I trust
that your journey from London has been a happy one, and that you
will enjoy your stay in my beautiful land.--Your friend, Dracula."
4 May--I found that my landlord had got a letter from the Count,
directing him to secure the best place on the coach for me; but on
making inquiries as to details he seemed somewhat reticent, and
pretended that he could not understand my German.
This could not be true, because up to then he had understood it
perfectly; at least, he answered my questions exactly as if he did.
He and his wife, the old lady who had received me, looked at each
other in a frightened sort of way. He mumbled out that the money had
been sent in a letter, and that was all he knew. When I asked him if
he knew Count Dracula, and could tell me anything of his castle, both
he and his wife crossed themselves, and, saying that they knew nothing
at all, simply refused to speak further. It was so near the time of
starting that I had no time to ask anyone else, for it was all very
mysterious and not by any means comforting.
Just before I was leaving, the old lady came up to my room and said in
a hysterical way: "Must you go? Oh! Young Herr, must you go?" She
was in such an excited state that she seemed to have lost her grip of
what German she knew, and mixed it all up with some other language
which I did not know at all. I was just able to follow her by asking
many questions. When I told her that I must go at once, and that I
was engaged on important business, she asked again:
"Do you know what day it is?" I answered that it was the fourth of
May. She shook her head as she said again:
"Oh, yes! I know that! I know that, but do you know what day it is?"
On my saying that I did not understand, she went on:
"It is the eve of St. George's Day. Do you not know that tonight,
when the clock strikes midnight, all the evil things in the world will
have full sway? Do you know where you are going, and what you are
going to?" She was in such evident distress that I tried to comfort
her, but without effect. Finally, she went down on her knees and
implored me not to go; at least to wait a day or two before starting.
It was all very ridiculous but I did not feel comfortable. However,
there was business to be done, and I could allow nothing to interfere
with it.
I tried to raise her up, and said, as gravely as I could, that I
thanked her, but my duty was imperative, and that I must go.
She then rose and dried her eyes, and taking a crucifix from her neck
offered it to me.
I did not know what to do, for, as an English Churchman, I have been
taught to regard such things as in some measure idolatrous, and yet it
seemed so ungracious to refuse an old lady meaning so well and in such
a state of mind.
She saw, I suppose, the doubt in my face, for she put the rosary round
my neck and said, "For your mother's sake," and went out of the room.
I am writing up this part of the diary whilst I am waiting for the
coach, which is, of course, late; and the crucifix is still round my
neck.
Whether it is the old lady's fear, or the many ghostly traditions of
this place, or the crucifix itself, I do not know, but I am not
feeling nearly as easy in my mind as usual.
If this book should ever reach Mina before I do, let it bring my
goodbye. Here comes the coach!
5 May. The Castle.--The gray of the morning has passed, and the sun
is high over the distant horizon, which seems jagged, whether with
trees or hills I know not, for it is so far off that big things and
little are mixed.
I am not sleepy, and, as I am not to be called till I awake, naturally
I write till sleep comes.
There are many odd things to put down, and, lest who reads them may
fancy that I dined too well before I left Bistritz, let me put down my
dinner exactly.
I dined on what they called "robber steak"--bits of bacon, onion, and
beef, seasoned with red pepper, and strung on sticks, and roasted over
the fire, in simple style of the London cat's meat!
The wine was Golden Mediasch, which produces a queer sting on the
tongue, which is, however, not disagreeable.
I had only a couple of glasses of this, and nothing else.
When I got on the coach, the driver had not taken his seat, and I saw
him talking to the landlady.
They were evidently talking of me, for every now and then they looked
at me, and some of the people who were sitting on the bench outside
the door--came and listened, and then looked at me, most of them
pityingly. I could hear a lot of words often repeated, queer words,
for there were many nationalities in the crowd, so I quietly got my
polyglot dictionary from my bag and looked them out.
I must say they were not cheering to me, for amongst them were
"Ordog"--Satan, "Pokol"--hell, "stregoica"--witch, "vrolok" and
"vlkoslak"--both mean the same thing, one being Slovak and the other
Servian for something that is either werewolf or vampire. (Mem., I
must ask the Count about these superstitions.)
When we started, the crowd round the inn door, which had by this time
swelled to a considerable size, all made the sign of the cross and
pointed two fingers towards me.
With some difficulty, I got a fellow passenger to tell me what they
meant. He would not answer at first, but on learning that I was
English, he explained that it was a charm or guard against the evil
eye.
This was not very pleasant for me, just starting for an unknown place
to meet an unknown man. But everyone seemed so kind-hearted, and so
sorrowful, and so sympathetic that I could not but be touched.
I shall never forget the last glimpse which I had of the inn yard and
its crowd of picturesque figures, all crossing themselves, as they
stood round the wide archway, with its background of rich foliage of
oleander and orange trees in green tubs clustered in the centre of the
yard.
Then our driver, whose wide linen drawers covered the whole front of
the boxseat,--"gotza" they call them--cracked his big whip over his
four small horses, which ran abreast, and we set off on our journey.
1897 edition
CHAPTER 1
Jonathan Harker's Journal
3 May. Bistritz.--Left Munich at 8:35 P.M., on 1st May, arriving at
Vienna early next morning; should have arrived at 6:46, but train was
an hour late. Buda-Pesth seems a wonderful place, from the glimpse
which I got of it from the train and the little I could walk through
the streets. I feared to go very far from the station, as we had
arrived late and would start as near the correct time as possible.
The impression I had was that we were leaving the West and entering the
East; the most western of splendid bridges over the Danube, which is
here of noble width and depth, took us among the traditions of Turkish
rule.
We left in pretty good time, and came after nightfall to Klausenburgh.
Here I stopped for the night at the Hotel Royale. I had for dinner,
or rather supper, a chicken done up some way with red pepper, which
was very good but thirsty. (Mem. get recipe for Mina.) I asked the
waiter, and he said it was called "paprika hendl," and that, as it was
a national dish, I should be able to get it anywhere along the
Carpathians.
I found my smattering of German very useful here, indeed, I don't know
how I should be able to get on without it.
Having had some time at my disposal when in London, I had visited the
British Museum, and made search among the books and maps in the
library regarding Transylvania; it had struck me that some
foreknowledge of the country could hardly fail to have some importance
in dealing with a nobleman of that country.
I find that the district he named is in the extreme east of the
country, just on the borders of three states, Transylvania, Moldavia,
and Bukovina, in the midst of the Carpathian mountains; one of the
wildest and least known portions of Europe.
I was not able to light on any map or work giving the exact locality
of the Castle Dracula, as there are no maps of this country as yet to
compare with our own Ordance Survey Maps; but I found that Bistritz,
the post town named by Count Dracula, is a fairly well-known place. I
shall enter here some of my notes, as they may refresh my memory when
I talk over my travels with Mina.
In the population of Transylvania there are four distinct
nationalities: Saxons in the South, and mixed with them the Wallachs,
who are the descendants of the Dacians; Magyars in the West, and
Szekelys in the East and North. I am going among the latter, who
claim to be descended from Attila and the Huns. This may be so, for
when the Magyars conquered the country in the eleventh century they
found the Huns settled in it.
I read that every known superstition in the world is gathered into the
horseshoe of the Carpathians, as if it were the centre of some sort of
imaginative whirlpool; if so my stay may be very interesting. (Mem.,
I must ask the Count all about them.)
I did not sleep well, though my bed was comfortable enough, for I had
all sorts of queer dreams. There was a dog howling all night under my
window, which may have had something to do with it; or it may have
been the paprika, for I had to drink up all the water in my carafe,
and was still thirsty. Towards morning I slept and was wakened by the
continuous knocking at my door, so I guess I must have been sleeping
soundly then.
I had for breakfast more paprika, and a sort of porridge of maize
flour which they said was "mamaliga", and egg-plant stuffed with
forcemeat, a very excellent dish, which they call "impletata". (Mem.,
get recipe for this also.)
I had to hurry breakfast, for the train started a little before eight,
or rather it ought to have done so, for after rushing to the station
at 7:30 I had to sit in the carriage for more than an hour before we
began to move.
It seems to me that the further east you go the more unpunctual are
the trains. What ought they to be in China?
All day long we seemed to dawdle through a country which was full of
beauty of every kind. Sometimes we saw little towns or castles on the
top of steep hills such as we see in old missals; sometimes we ran by
rivers and streams which seemed from the wide stony margin on each
side of them to be subject to great floods. It takes a lot of water,
and running strong, to sweep the outside edge of a river clear.
At every station there were groups of people, sometimes crowds, and in
all sorts of attire. Some of them were just like the peasants at home
or those I saw coming through France and Germany, with short jackets,
and round hats, and home-made trousers; but others were very
picturesque.
The women looked pretty, except when you got near them, but they were
very clumsy about the waist. They had all full white sleeves of some
kind or other, and most of them had big belts with a lot of strips of
something fluttering from them like the dresses in a ballet, but of
course there were petticoats under them.
The strangest figures we saw were the Slovaks, who were more barbarian
than the rest, with their big cow-boy hats, great baggy dirty-white
trousers, white linen shirts, and enormous heavy leather belts, nearly
a foot wide, all studded over with brass nails. They wore high boots,
with their trousers tucked into them, and had long black hair and
heavy black moustaches. They are very picturesque, but do not look
prepossessing. On the stage they would be set down at once as some
old Oriental band of brigands. They are, however, I am told, very
harmless and rather wanting in natural self-assertion.
It was on the dark side of twilight when we got to Bistritz, which is
a very interesting old place. Being practically on the frontier--for
the Borgo Pass leads from it into Bukovina--it has had a very stormy
existence, and it certainly shows marks of it. Fifty years ago a
series of great fires took place, which made terrible havoc on five
separate occasions. At the very beginning of the seventeenth century
it underwent a siege of three weeks and lost 13,000 people, the
casualties of war proper being assisted by famine and disease.
Count Dracula had directed me to go to the Golden Krone Hotel, which I
found, to my great delight, to be thoroughly old-fashioned, for of
course I wanted to see all I could of the ways of the country.
I was evidently expected, for when I got near the door I faced a
cheery-looking elderly woman in the usual peasant dress--white
undergarment with a long double apron, front, and back, of coloured
stuff fitting almost too tight for modesty. When I came close she
bowed and said, "The Herr Englishman?"
"Yes," I said, "Jonathan Harker."
She smiled, and gave some message to an elderly man in white
shirtsleeves, who had followed her to the door.
He went, but immediately returned with a letter:
"My friend.--Welcome to the Carpathians. I am anxiously expecting
you. Sleep well tonight. At three tomorrow the diligence will
start for Bukovina; a place on it is kept for you. At the Borgo
Pass my carriage will await you and will bring you to me. I trust
that your journey from London has been a happy one, and that you
will enjoy your stay in my beautiful land.--Your friend, Dracula."
4 May--I found that my landlord had got a letter from the Count,
directing him to secure the best place on the coach for me; but on
making inquiries as to details he seemed somewhat reticent, and
pretended that he could not understand my German.
This could not be true, because up to then he had understood it
perfectly; at least, he answered my questions exactly as if he did.
He and his wife, the old lady who had received me, looked at each
other in a frightened sort of way. He mumbled out that the money had
been sent in a letter, and that was all he knew. When I asked him if
he knew Count Dracula, and could tell me anything of his castle, both
he and his wife crossed themselves, and, saying that they knew nothing
at all, simply refused to speak further. It was so near the time of
starting that I had no time to ask anyone else, for it was all very
mysterious and not by any means comforting.
Just before I was leaving, the old lady came up to my room and said in
a hysterical way: "Must you go? Oh! Young Herr, must you go?" She
was in such an excited state that she seemed to have lost her grip of
what German she knew, and mixed it all up with some other language
which I did not know at all. I was just able to follow her by asking
many questions. When I told her that I must go at once, and that I
was engaged on important business, she asked again:
"Do you know what day it is?" I answered that it was the fourth of
May. She shook her head as she said again:
"Oh, yes! I know that! I know that, but do you know what day it is?"
On my saying that I did not understand, she went on:
"It is the eve of St. George's Day. Do you not know that tonight,
when the clock strikes midnight, all the evil things in the world will
have full sway? Do you know where you are going, and what you are
going to?" She was in such evident distress that I tried to comfort
her, but without effect. Finally, she went down on her knees and
implored me not to go; at least to wait a day or two before starting.
It was all very ridiculous but I did not feel comfortable. However,
there was business to be done, and I could allow nothing to interfere
with it.
I tried to raise her up, and said, as gravely as I could, that I
thanked her, but my duty was imperative, and that I must go.
She then rose and dried her eyes, and taking a crucifix from her neck
offered it to me.
I did not know what to do, for, as an English Churchman, I have been
taught to regard such things as in some measure idolatrous, and yet it
seemed so ungracious to refuse an old lady meaning so well and in such
a state of mind.
She saw, I suppose, the doubt in my face, for she put the rosary round
my neck and said, "For your mother's sake," and went out of the room.
I am writing up this part of the diary whilst I am waiting for the
coach, which is, of course, late; and the crucifix is still round my
neck.
Whether it is the old lady's fear, or the many ghostly traditions of
this place, or the crucifix itself, I do not know, but I am not
feeling nearly as easy in my mind as usual.
If this book should ever reach Mina before I do, let it bring my
goodbye. Here comes the coach!
5 May. The Castle.--The gray of the morning has passed, and the sun
is high over the distant horizon, which seems jagged, whether with
trees or hills I know not, for it is so far off that big things and
little are mixed.
I am not sleepy, and, as I am not to be called till I awake, naturally
I write till sleep comes.
There are many odd things to put down, and, lest who reads them may
fancy that I dined too well before I left Bistritz, let me put down my
dinner exactly.
I dined on what they called "robber steak"--bits of bacon, onion, and
beef, seasoned with red pepper, and strung on sticks, and roasted over
the fire, in simple style of the London cat's meat!
The wine was Golden Mediasch, which produces a queer sting on the
tongue, which is, however, not disagreeable.
I had only a couple of glasses of this, and nothing else.
When I got on the coach, the driver had not taken his seat, and I saw
him talking to the landlady.
They were evidently talking of me, for every now and then they looked
at me, and some of the people who were sitting on the bench outside
the door--came and listened, and then looked at me, most of them
pityingly. I could hear a lot of words often repeated, queer words,
for there were many nationalities in the crowd, so I quietly got my
polyglot dictionary from my bag and looked them out.
I must say they were not cheering to me, for amongst them were
"Ordog"--Satan, "Pokol"--hell, "stregoica"--witch, "vrolok" and
"vlkoslak"--both mean the same thing, one being Slovak and the other
Servian for something that is either werewolf or vampire. (Mem., I
must ask the Count about these superstitions.)
When we started, the crowd round the inn door, which had by this time
swelled to a considerable size, all made the sign of the cross and
pointed two fingers towards me.
With some difficulty, I got a fellow passenger to tell me what they
meant. He would not answer at first, but on learning that I was
English, he explained that it was a charm or guard against the evil
eye.
This was not very pleasant for me, just starting for an unknown place
to meet an unknown man. But everyone seemed so kind-hearted, and so
sorrowful, and so sympathetic that I could not but be touched.
I shall never forget the last glimpse which I had of the inn yard and
its crowd of picturesque figures, all crossing themselves, as they
stood round the wide archway, with its background of rich foliage of
oleander and orange trees in green tubs clustered in the centre of the
yard.
Then our driver, whose wide linen drawers covered the whole front of
the boxseat,--"gotza" they call them--cracked his big whip over his
four small horses, which ran abreast, and we set off on our journey.
Study: Bigger brains mean longer life?
BARCELONA, Spain (UPI) -- Mammals with brains larger than expected in relation to their body size tend to have longer lives, an evolutionary advantage, Spanish researchers say.
Scientists at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona examined the relationship between brain size and lifespan, analyzing almost 500 mammal species, a university release said Thursday.
Researchers examined why nature favors the development of large brains given that they require more time to reach functional maturity and use up more energy.
One theory suggests a larger brain provides more options in behavior when facing changes in the environment, allowing species to overcome ecological challenges successfully, the release said.
In addition to providing more ways to adapt to changes and therefore improving survival, a larger brain size also improves the chances of mammals to live longer and thus have more chances to reproduce, an evolutionary advantage over shorter-lived animals, the study suggests.
Scientists at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona examined the relationship between brain size and lifespan, analyzing almost 500 mammal species, a university release said Thursday.
Researchers examined why nature favors the development of large brains given that they require more time to reach functional maturity and use up more energy.
One theory suggests a larger brain provides more options in behavior when facing changes in the environment, allowing species to overcome ecological challenges successfully, the release said.
In addition to providing more ways to adapt to changes and therefore improving survival, a larger brain size also improves the chances of mammals to live longer and thus have more chances to reproduce, an evolutionary advantage over shorter-lived animals, the study suggests.
الخميس، 8 يوليو 2010
الدلائل العقلية علي نبوة سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم
source : www.rasoulallah.net
النبوة هي شيء عظيم و مكانة عالية ، إما يدعيها أحد إثنين لا ثالث لهما، فقد
يدعيها أصدق الصادقين أو أكذب الكاذبين، ولايلتبس هذا بهذا على من كان له أقل حظ من النظر وهو ما سيتوضح في الأدلة التي سأذكرها
الدليل العقلي الأول:
قرائن أحوال محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم التي عايشها الصحابة رضي الله عنهم.
فقرائن أحواله تعرب عنه وتعرف به هل هو صادق أم كاذب؟
وهذه القرائن عايشها الصحابة رضي الله عنهم فهم ليسوا بأغبياء ولا سفهاء حتى يصدقوا نبوته دون أن يركزوا على هذه القرائن بل هي ستفضح كذب محمد إذا كان غير صادق بدون أن يصدر منهم ذلك التركيز الدقيق.
فلو كان كاذباً لظهر عليه الجهل والكذب والفجور والخداع والمراوغة إلى أخر أنواع الكذب والخداع لكن الذي ظهر من محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم عكس ذلك حيث ظهر عليه العلم والصدق والبر والوضوح والصراحة والسلامة من التناقض والعدل والإنصاف وجميع الأمور التي تدل على صدقه، فالنبوة ليس ادعائها أمراً سهلاً فهي مشتملة على علوم وأعمال لابد أن يتصف الرسول بها وهي أشرف العلوم وأشرف الأعمال، فكيف يشتبه الصادق فيها بالكاذب؟!
فمن عرف الرسول محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم وصدقه ووفاءه ومطابقة قوله لعمله علم علماً يقينياً أنه نبي صادق،
كيف لا؟!
وقد دل على صدقه ما اقترن به من القرائن منذ إدعائه النبوة إلى أن مات.
الدليل العقلي الثاني:
النظر في ما جاء به محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم.
فالرسول لابد أن يخبر الناس بأمور، وأن يأمرهم بأمور وأن ينهاهم عن أمور، ولا بد أن يفعل أيضاً أموراً، فيعمل كل ذلك لكي يبين للناس أنه نبي صادق مبلغ عن الله تعالى وليؤكد أنه شرع الله سبحانه الجديد، فلو كان كاذباً لظهر في نفس ما يخبر عنه وفي نفس ما يأمر به وينهى عنه وفي نفس ما يفعله على وجه التشريع ما يتبين به كذبه من وجوه كثيرة،
لكن من عرف ما جاء به محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم من الشرائع وتفاصيلها يتبين له صدقه، وأنه نبي مرسل لا كذاب مخادع، فهي شاملة لكافة أوجه التشريع سواء ما يتعلق منها بالفرد أو المجتمع، وسواء أكان في العقيدة أو العبادة أو المبادئ والأخلاق، أو الإجتماع أو الإقتصاد أو السياسة في السلم أو الحرب، في السفر أو الحضر، في
الليل أو النهار، وليس فيه نقص أو قصور ولا عيب أو خلل،
ويشتمل على الهدى والرحمة والمصلحة والخير وعلى صيانة الفرد والمجتمع من الرذيلة والشر.
فمن نظر فيها بتمعن يتأكد أن هذه الشرائع لايمكن أن تصدر من بشر بل من نبي مرسل يبلغ عن الله تعالى.
الدليل العقلي الثالث:
التمييز بين الصادق من الكاذب فيم دون دعوى النبوة فكيف بدعوى النبوة؟!
لاشك أن التميز بين الصادق من الكاذب له طرق كثيرة في غير دعوى النبوة، فلو أن شخصين ادّعيا أمراً وأحدهما صادق والآخر كاذب، فلا بد أن يظهر صدق هذا وكذب هذا ولو بعد مدة، ثم إن الناس يميزون هل الإنسان صادق أم كاذب فيم يدعيه بأنواع من الأمور، فمن يدعي مثلاً أنه طبيب لابد أن ينكشف أمره بأنواع من الأمور ينجلي بها كذبه
ويظهر بها زيف إدعائه، فإذا كان ذلك فيم هو دون دعوى النبوة، فكيف بدعوى النبوة؟! )
النبوة هي شيء عظيم و مكانة عالية ، إما يدعيها أحد إثنين لا ثالث لهما، فقد
يدعيها أصدق الصادقين أو أكذب الكاذبين، ولايلتبس هذا بهذا على من كان له أقل حظ من النظر وهو ما سيتوضح في الأدلة التي سأذكرها
الدليل العقلي الأول:
قرائن أحوال محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم التي عايشها الصحابة رضي الله عنهم.
فقرائن أحواله تعرب عنه وتعرف به هل هو صادق أم كاذب؟
وهذه القرائن عايشها الصحابة رضي الله عنهم فهم ليسوا بأغبياء ولا سفهاء حتى يصدقوا نبوته دون أن يركزوا على هذه القرائن بل هي ستفضح كذب محمد إذا كان غير صادق بدون أن يصدر منهم ذلك التركيز الدقيق.
فلو كان كاذباً لظهر عليه الجهل والكذب والفجور والخداع والمراوغة إلى أخر أنواع الكذب والخداع لكن الذي ظهر من محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم عكس ذلك حيث ظهر عليه العلم والصدق والبر والوضوح والصراحة والسلامة من التناقض والعدل والإنصاف وجميع الأمور التي تدل على صدقه، فالنبوة ليس ادعائها أمراً سهلاً فهي مشتملة على علوم وأعمال لابد أن يتصف الرسول بها وهي أشرف العلوم وأشرف الأعمال، فكيف يشتبه الصادق فيها بالكاذب؟!
فمن عرف الرسول محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم وصدقه ووفاءه ومطابقة قوله لعمله علم علماً يقينياً أنه نبي صادق،
كيف لا؟!
وقد دل على صدقه ما اقترن به من القرائن منذ إدعائه النبوة إلى أن مات.
الدليل العقلي الثاني:
النظر في ما جاء به محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم.
فالرسول لابد أن يخبر الناس بأمور، وأن يأمرهم بأمور وأن ينهاهم عن أمور، ولا بد أن يفعل أيضاً أموراً، فيعمل كل ذلك لكي يبين للناس أنه نبي صادق مبلغ عن الله تعالى وليؤكد أنه شرع الله سبحانه الجديد، فلو كان كاذباً لظهر في نفس ما يخبر عنه وفي نفس ما يأمر به وينهى عنه وفي نفس ما يفعله على وجه التشريع ما يتبين به كذبه من وجوه كثيرة،
لكن من عرف ما جاء به محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم من الشرائع وتفاصيلها يتبين له صدقه، وأنه نبي مرسل لا كذاب مخادع، فهي شاملة لكافة أوجه التشريع سواء ما يتعلق منها بالفرد أو المجتمع، وسواء أكان في العقيدة أو العبادة أو المبادئ والأخلاق، أو الإجتماع أو الإقتصاد أو السياسة في السلم أو الحرب، في السفر أو الحضر، في
الليل أو النهار، وليس فيه نقص أو قصور ولا عيب أو خلل،
ويشتمل على الهدى والرحمة والمصلحة والخير وعلى صيانة الفرد والمجتمع من الرذيلة والشر.
فمن نظر فيها بتمعن يتأكد أن هذه الشرائع لايمكن أن تصدر من بشر بل من نبي مرسل يبلغ عن الله تعالى.
الدليل العقلي الثالث:
التمييز بين الصادق من الكاذب فيم دون دعوى النبوة فكيف بدعوى النبوة؟!
لاشك أن التميز بين الصادق من الكاذب له طرق كثيرة في غير دعوى النبوة، فلو أن شخصين ادّعيا أمراً وأحدهما صادق والآخر كاذب، فلا بد أن يظهر صدق هذا وكذب هذا ولو بعد مدة، ثم إن الناس يميزون هل الإنسان صادق أم كاذب فيم يدعيه بأنواع من الأمور، فمن يدعي مثلاً أنه طبيب لابد أن ينكشف أمره بأنواع من الأمور ينجلي بها كذبه
ويظهر بها زيف إدعائه، فإذا كان ذلك فيم هو دون دعوى النبوة، فكيف بدعوى النبوة؟! )
الخميس، 1 يوليو 2010
مواقــع مختــارة
فى قسم المواقع المختارة سوف نعرض لأفضل مواقع الانترنت فى المجالات المختلفة حيث ستجد قائمة بأفضل خمسون موقع على مستوى شبكة المعلومات الدولية الانترنت فى مجالات عديدة كالأخبار ومواقع الصحة ومواقع العلوم ومواقع التكنولوجيا والعديد من المجالات الأخرى
ترتيب هذه المواقع مرتب حسب عوامل عدة منها الأهمية وعدد زوار هذه المواقع وعلى عامل المحتوى الخاص بكل موقع
مجموع هذه العوامل مكتملة تشكل عامل هام فى الترتيب الآتى مع ملاحظة ان هناك مواقع تصعد الى الأعلى ومواقع أخرى تهبط بشكل دورى من هذه القائمة
أولاً قائمة أفضل مواقع الأخبار
السياسية وأخبار عالم الاقتصاد وأخبار الطقس
1. CNN Interactive
www.cnn.com
2. BBC News
news.bbc.co.uk
3. My Yahoo
my.yahoo.com
4. NBC News and MSNBC News
www.msnbc.msn.com
5. Yahoo News
news.yahoo.com
6. The Weather Channel
www.weather.com
7. Google News
news.google.com
8. The New York Times
www.nytimes.com
9. Yahoo Weather
weather.yahoo.com
10. The Drudge Report
www.drudgereport.com
11. OnWashington
www.washingtonpost.com
12. FNC
www.foxnews.com
13. USA Today
www.usatoday.com
14. WeatherBug
weatherbug.com
15. CNN/Money
money.cnn.com
16. ABC News
abcnews.go.com
17. Guardian Unlimited
www.guardian.co.uk
18. Reuters Group PLC
www.reuters.com
19. Forbes.com
www.forbes.com
20. Weather Underground
www.wunderground.com
21. New York Post Online Edition
nypost.com
22. San Francisco Chronicle
www.sfgate.com
23. AccuWeather
www.accuweather.com
24. The Sydney Morning Herald
www.smh.com.au
25. The Times of India
timesofindia.indiatimes.com
26. Los Angeles Times
www.latimes.com
27. MSN Money: CNBC
moneycentral.msn.com/investor/home.asp
28. Bloomberg.com
www.bloomberg.com
29. Chicago Tribune
www.chicagotribune.com
30. NationalGeographic.com
www.nationalgeographic.com
31. CBSNews.com
www.cbsnews.com
32. Financial Times
www.ft.com
33. The Arizona Republic
www.azcentral.com
34. Seattle Post-Intelligencer
seattlepi.nwsource.com
35. FindArticles.com
www.findarticles.com
36. Newsday
www.newsday.com
37. Bankrate.com
www.bankrate.com
38. Star Tribune
www.startribune.com
39. The Associated Press
www.ap.org
40. The Age
www.theage.com.au
41. Time Magazine
www.time.com
42. News Max.com
www.newsmax.com
43. The Toronto Star
www.thestar.com
44. Wired News
www.wired.com/news
45. The Onion
www.theonion.com
46. Houston Chronicle
www.chron.com
47. Intellicast
www.intellicast.com
48. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
www.ajc.com
49. Colonize.com
colonize.com
50. San Diego Union Tribune
www.signonsandiego.com
ترتيب هذه المواقع مرتب حسب عوامل عدة منها الأهمية وعدد زوار هذه المواقع وعلى عامل المحتوى الخاص بكل موقع
مجموع هذه العوامل مكتملة تشكل عامل هام فى الترتيب الآتى مع ملاحظة ان هناك مواقع تصعد الى الأعلى ومواقع أخرى تهبط بشكل دورى من هذه القائمة
أولاً قائمة أفضل مواقع الأخبار
السياسية وأخبار عالم الاقتصاد وأخبار الطقس
1. CNN Interactive
www.cnn.com
2. BBC News
news.bbc.co.uk
3. My Yahoo
my.yahoo.com
4. NBC News and MSNBC News
www.msnbc.msn.com
5. Yahoo News
news.yahoo.com
6. The Weather Channel
www.weather.com
7. Google News
news.google.com
8. The New York Times
www.nytimes.com
9. Yahoo Weather
weather.yahoo.com
10. The Drudge Report
www.drudgereport.com
11. OnWashington
www.washingtonpost.com
12. FNC
www.foxnews.com
13. USA Today
www.usatoday.com
14. WeatherBug
weatherbug.com
15. CNN/Money
money.cnn.com
16. ABC News
abcnews.go.com
17. Guardian Unlimited
www.guardian.co.uk
18. Reuters Group PLC
www.reuters.com
19. Forbes.com
www.forbes.com
20. Weather Underground
www.wunderground.com
21. New York Post Online Edition
nypost.com
22. San Francisco Chronicle
www.sfgate.com
23. AccuWeather
www.accuweather.com
24. The Sydney Morning Herald
www.smh.com.au
25. The Times of India
timesofindia.indiatimes.com
26. Los Angeles Times
www.latimes.com
27. MSN Money: CNBC
moneycentral.msn.com/investor/home.asp
28. Bloomberg.com
www.bloomberg.com
29. Chicago Tribune
www.chicagotribune.com
30. NationalGeographic.com
www.nationalgeographic.com
31. CBSNews.com
www.cbsnews.com
32. Financial Times
www.ft.com
33. The Arizona Republic
www.azcentral.com
34. Seattle Post-Intelligencer
seattlepi.nwsource.com
35. FindArticles.com
www.findarticles.com
36. Newsday
www.newsday.com
37. Bankrate.com
www.bankrate.com
38. Star Tribune
www.startribune.com
39. The Associated Press
www.ap.org
40. The Age
www.theage.com.au
41. Time Magazine
www.time.com
42. News Max.com
www.newsmax.com
43. The Toronto Star
www.thestar.com
44. Wired News
www.wired.com/news
45. The Onion
www.theonion.com
46. Houston Chronicle
www.chron.com
47. Intellicast
www.intellicast.com
48. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
www.ajc.com
49. Colonize.com
colonize.com
50. San Diego Union Tribune
www.signonsandiego.com
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